Data Availability(DA)
The guarantee that transaction data has been published and is accessible for anyone to verify.
In-Depth Explanation
Data availability is crucial for rollup security—users need the data to verify state and exit if the sequencer misbehaves. Posting data to Ethereum is expensive, driving L2 costs. Alternative DA layers (Celestia, EigenDA) offer cheaper data publication with different security tradeoffs. DA is a major battleground in L2 economics.
Related Terms
Rollup
An L2 scaling solution that executes transactions off-chain but posts transaction data or proofs to L1 for security.
Layer 2
L2Scaling solutions built on top of a base blockchain (L1) that process transactions off-chain while inheriting L1 security.
Sequencer
The entity that orders and batches transactions on an L2 rollup before submitting them to L1.
More in Infrastructure
View all →Gas Fees
Transaction fees paid to validators/miners for executing operations on a blockchain.
Gwei
A denomination of Ether equal to one billionth of an ETH, commonly used to express gas prices.
Layer 2
L2Scaling solutions built on top of a base blockchain (L1) that process transactions off-chain while inheriting L1 security.
Layer 1
L1The base blockchain that provides security and consensus, such as Ethereum, Bitcoin, or Solana.